Ethernet vs. Wave in the WAN
Trusted Advisor for IT & Telecommunications Sourcing
Ethernet and Wave in comparison
Which technology connects your locations more efficiently
Reliable WAN connections are crucial for companies with large data volumes and multiple data centers. Two proven technologies for this are Ethernet and Wave. Both offer high bandwidths and low latency, but differ in terms of architecture, cost and area of application.
In a nutshell:
- Ethernet Line: Point-to-point connection via a packet-switched network ideal for simple site coupling
- Private Ethernet: Dedicated fiber optic connection with defined routes and maximum stability
- Wave: Use of a wavelength in the optical backbone with high bandwidths of up to 100 Gbit per second
- Private Wave: Exclusive fiber optic infrastructure for maximum security and performance
- Areas of application: Ethernet for flexible scaling Wave for dedicated high-performance connections
Ethernet provides flexibility and cost control while Wave solutions enable dedicated optical performance for critical enterprise applications.
The question: Which technology better meets the requirements of your Site Connectivity Ethernet or Wave?
Table of contents
Reliable networking of your data centers or locations is an important basis for the transmission of large amounts of data or the operation of central applications across multiple locations. A wide variety of technologies can be used to ensure this. Two that guarantee high latency and availability requirements are Ethernet and Wavelength. Below we show the variants and differences between the two technologies.
Ethernet
With Site Connectivity via Ethernet, the company’s own LAN is effectively extended into the WAN. Depending on the carrier, Ethernet site coupling can typically be provided in two ways:

| Bandwidth | 10Mbps to 100Gbps |
| Coverage | Point to Point Metro, National, International |
| Reliability | Unprotected, Protected |
| Technology | Packet-switched (MPLS) via a shared platform |
| Interfaces | Ethernet (all bandwidths) |
| Routing | No defined routes and transmission paths |
Via Ethernet Line, connections can be provided from as little as 10 Mbps, in the metro area, nationally and internationally. Latency, frame-loss and jitter are based on the carrier’s general SLA and cannot be fixed or excluded. The Private Ethernet product is recommended for customers with high bandwidth, performance and stability requirements.
Private Ethernet

| Bandwidth | High bandwidths only – 1Gbps, 10Gbps |
| Coverage | Metro only |
| Reliability | Unprotected, Protected |
| Technology | Ethernet over Fibre |
| Interfaces | Ethernet 1Gbps, 10Gbps |
| Routing | Defined routes and transmission paths |
In contrast to a normal Ethernet link, a Private Ethernet is characterized by the fact that routes and transmission paths or KMZ can be defined and the Ethernet protocol is not based on an MPLS infrastructure, but runs as Ethernet over Fibre directly interconnected within the network. Features such as fixed latency, zero frame-loss and jitter can be offered in contrast to a normal Ethernet link. Private Ethernet is typically only offered from bandwidths of 1 GB and can only be used in the metro area.
In terms of price, a Private Ethernet link is approx. 20% more expensive than a normal Ethernet line. Nevertheless, Ethernet line and private Ethernet are both logically separate services that are set up in a multi-service environment. A genuine, closed, optical port-to-port assignment is only possible using the Wavelengths or Private Wavelengths products.
Wavelengths
In the case of Site Connectivity using a wavelength of the color spectrum operated in the backbone on an optical fiber, different services are made available end-to-end via the DWDM process and can be transferred via an optical interface (SDH, OTU, FC). Depending on the carrier, this type of wavelength-based site coupling is typically provided in two ways:

| Bandwidth | Only high bandwidths 1Gbps, 10Gbps, 40Gbps, 100Gbps |
| Coverage | Metro, National, International |
| Fail-safe | Unprotected, Protected |
| Technology | DWDM |
| Interfaces | Ethernet, Ethernet LAN PHY (WAN PHY, SDH, Fibre Channel, OUT) |
| Routing | Defined routes and transmission paths |
A Wave connection is possible in the metro, national and international area. An infrastructure assigned solely to the customer is not offered. Compared to Ethernet, a Wave connection is approx. 20% more expensive. The next product above a Wavelenghts is Private Wave, directly at the level of the physical fiber optic in the backbone.
Private Wave

| Bandwidth | Only high bandwidths 1Gbps, 10Gbps, 40Gbps, 100Gbps |
| Coverage | Metro |
| Fail-safe | Unprotected, Protected |
| Technology | WDM |
| Interfaces | Ethernet, Ethernet LAN PHY (WAN PHY, SDH, Fibre Channel, OTU |
| Routing | Customizable routes, diversity with KMZ maps using, dedicated fibre P2P transport |
| Features | Defined routes and transmission paths |
Private Wave can only be offered in metro areas. The customer receives a dedicated, private infrastructure with bandwidths of 1G, 10G, 40G and 100G. Granular gradations in between are not possible. This product is only suitable for customers with high requirements.
Summary
| Ethernet Line | Wave | |
|---|---|---|
| Protocol | Ethernet | Ethernet & other optical protocols such as Fibre Channel and OTU |
| Network | Packet Network | Optical WDM Network |
| Technology | Bandwidth allocated per customer over a packet backbone sub-muted by SLAs | End to end dedicated bandwidth defined and allocated per customer |
| Packet loss | < 0.01% SLA | No |
| Jitter | < 5 ms | No |
| Topology | Point to point (Ethernet line) | Point to point |
| Bandwidth | 10 Mbit/s – 100 Gb/s | 1 Gb/s, 10 Gb/s, 40 Gb/s and 100 Gb/s |
| Multi service | Logically separated services via the same physical access (multi service) | Optical service with 1 to 1 port – service mapping |
How SAVECALL supports site connectivity
SAVECALL advises vendor-neutral on the choice between Ethernet and Wave. Based on more than 80 carrier partnerships we compare Ethernet Line, Private Ethernet, Wave and Private Wave independently, procure the right fiber connection through the procurement pool at below-market conditions and embed the solution cleanly into your WAN architecture.
Conclusion: choosing the right WAN technology
Ethernet and Wave are not competitors but tiers of the same idea: connecting sites reliably. Ethernet Line scores on flexibility and cost, Private Ethernet on defined routes in the metro area, Wave on very high bandwidths and optical performance, Private Wave on exclusive infrastructure. Those who base the choice on bandwidth, distance, availability and budget find the right connection instead of booking the most expensive or cheapest option by default.

Written by
Frank Frommknecht
Key Account Consultant, SAVECALL
Has supported companies for over 20 years in selecting and optimizing their connectivity solutions. His focus: making complex telecommunications understandable from the customer’s perspective and finding the right solution strategically.
Why
Telecom & IT sourcing. Worldwide. Carrier-independent.
Selection & operation of worldwide connectivity & cloud infrastructure. Without vendor risk & unnecessary costs.
- 80+ carriers worldwide
- One point of contact
- One SLA
- One portal: mySAVECALL
- Min. 20% savings
25+
years of experience
40+
Employees
80+
Partner
1400+ Clients
Sources
- MEF: Carrier Ethernet Services and Definitions
- ITU-T: DWDM and optical transport networks (G.694.1)
- SAVECALL: WAN solutions for companies
Frequently asked questions
Ethernet extends the company’s own LAN into the WAN over a packet-switched network and is usually provided either as an Ethernet Line on a shared MPLS platform or as Private Ethernet over dedicated fiber. Wave uses its own wavelength in the optical backbone (DWDM) and delivers services end-to-end over an optical interface. In short: Ethernet is flexible and cost-efficient, Wave provides dedicated optical performance with very high bandwidths. SAVECALL assesses vendor-neutral which variant fits your site connectivity.
An Ethernet Line runs on a shared MPLS platform without defined routes and depends on the carrier’s general SLA for latency, frame loss and jitter. It is available from as little as 10 Mbps across metro, national and international areas. Private Ethernet runs as Ethernet over Fibre directly interconnected within the network with defined routes and transmission paths, offers fixed latency plus zero frame loss and jitter, but is only available in the metro area from 1 GB and is around 20 percent more expensive.
Wave is worth it when you need very high bandwidths of 1 to 100 Gbit per second and a dedicated, protocol-transparent connection, for example for data center interconnect, storage replication or Fibre Channel links. Wave transmits over its own wavelength and supports optical protocols such as SDH, OTU and Fibre Channel alongside Ethernet. Ethernet, by contrast, is enough for flexible, cost-optimized site coupling. For the highest requirements in exclusivity and security, Private Wave is the option at the physical fiber level.
A Wave connection is typically around 20 percent more expensive than a comparable Ethernet link, and Private Ethernet is likewise about 20 percent above a normal Ethernet Line. The exact price depends on bandwidth, distance, location, resilience and carrier. Wave pays off when dedicated performance and high bandwidths are business-critical. Through the SAVECALL procurement pool you secure below-market conditions across all variants and a vendor-neutral comparison.
Wave offers higher logical separation than a shared Ethernet Line platform thanks to dedicated optical transmission and separation at the wavelength level. The highest tier is Private Wave: a private infrastructure assigned solely to the customer directly at the physical fiber level, with customer-specific definable routes and diversity. An Ethernet Line is logically separated but shares the physical platform. Which security level you need depends on your compliance and availability requirements, which SAVECALL assesses with you in advance.
An Ethernet Line suits companies that need flexible, cost-efficient site coupling from low bandwidths, including nationally and internationally. Private Ethernet fits metro scenarios with high demands on stability, fixed latency and defined routes. Wave is ideal for data-intensive applications and data center interconnect with very high bandwidths. Private Wave is aimed at companies with the highest demands on exclusivity and performance in the metro area. SAVECALL develops the right connectivity for your sites vendor-neutral.


